Dental Cavities: Everything You Need to Know About Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

What is a dental cavity?

A dental cavity is an infectious disease that gradually destroys the hard tissues of the tooth (enamel, dentin, then pulp). It is caused by bacteria in dental plaque that transform sugars from food into acids that attack the enamel.

Main causes of cavities

• Poor oral hygiene

• Excessive consumption of sugary foods

• Not brushing after meals

• Dry mouth

• Genetic predisposition

Symptoms of a cavity

Signs can vary depending on the stage of development:

• Sensitivity to cold, heat, or sweet foods

• Pain when chewing

• Bad breath

• Brown spots or visible holes on the tooth

• Sometimes... no symptoms at all!

➡️ This is why regular dental check-ups are important.

Stages of cavity development

• Enamel cavity: superficial, often painless

• Dentin cavity: pain when chewing

• Pulp involvement: sharp pain, pulpitis

• Deep infection: abscess, severe toothache

Possible treatments

Treatment depends on the cavity depth:

• Fluoride application or sealants for early cavities

• Filling (composite or amalgam): cleaning and filling the cavity

• Inlay/Onlay: custom ceramic piece for severely damaged teeth

• Root canal treatment if the pulp is affected

• Crown if the tooth is too weakened

• Extraction as a last resort

How to prevent cavities?

• Brush twice daily with fluoride toothpaste

• Use dental floss or interdental brushes daily

• Reduce sugar intake (candies, sodas...)

• Regular dental visits every 6 months

• Sealant application on molars in children

Conclusion

Cavities are common but easy to prevent and treat if detected early. At Dentiste Djerba, we provide personalized care to keep your smile healthy.
🦷 Don’t wait for pain to see your dentist!